Clan Ru

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The Clan Ru are an evolved form of the Troodon species that existed on Earth during the age of the Dinosaurs.

They were rapidly growing in intelligence, however, an asteroid was rapidly approaching the planet and threatened the developing species with extinction. They were transplanted from their homeworld to a new planet where they developed into a species known as the Clan Ru.

The Clan Ru existed near Federation space but refused entry into the United Federation of Planets.

They went back in time to the age of the dinosaurs where they attempted to alter time by destroying the asteroid that would result in their ancestors extinction. They had hoped that by doing so they would become the dominant lifeform on their true homeworld. Unfortunately, this was not the case as the many different tribes wiped each other out before reaching the stars.

Captain James T. Kirk of the USS Enterprise (NCC-1701) and a small contingent of his crew went back in time through the Guardian of Forever to the point where time had been altered. The Starfleet captain managed to convince the Clan Ru that by altering time they would bring about their own extinction. (TOS novel: First Frontier)

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Incidently, the VOY episode: "Distant Origin" revealed another race of reptilians that evolved from the dinosaurs known as the Voth.