New Samarkand is a city on the planet Alpha Centauri III. It was one of the oldest human settlements on that planet (TLE novel: The Buried Age), and the capital city of the planet. (ENT novel: Kobayashi Maru)

New Samarkand is the location of the University of Alpha Centauri. (TLE novel: The Buried Age)

At least two hospitals serve New Samarkand: Our Lady of Significant Mercy Hospital and Archer University Hospital. (ST novel: A Singular Destiny)

Following the Borg Invasion of 2381, riots erupted in New Samarkand, apparently sparked by fighting over medication at Mercy Hospital. (ST novel: A Singular Destiny)

The author's annotations for The Buried Age indicate that this city is named for the ancient Central Asian trading center Samarkand.