Niobean is the Federation term referring to the humanoid natives of the planet Sigma Niobe II.

Niobean culture is divided into several different cultures, including the Yemai and the Ilayenai. Many if not all Niobean cultures seem to be matriarchal societies. (TOS short story: "As Others See Us")

No native term for the Niobean species as a whole is revealed in the story.